{"id":2906,"date":"2025-08-20T12:52:16","date_gmt":"2025-08-20T12:52:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sfat.info.ro\/wordpress\/?p=2906"},"modified":"2025-08-20T12:55:03","modified_gmt":"2025-08-20T12:55:03","slug":"eficienta-terapiei-reiki-propunere-de-studiu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sfat.info.ro\/wordpress\/?p=2906","title":{"rendered":"Eficien\u021ba terapiei Reiki: propunere de studiu"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Reiki, tehnica japonez\u0103 de vindecare dezvoltat\u0103 de Mikao Usui la \u00eenceputul secolului XX, implic\u0103 transferul de \u201eenergie universal\u0103\u201c prin m\u00e2inile practicantului pentru a-\u0219i sus\u021bine bun\u0103starea fizic\u0103, emo\u021bional\u0103 \u0219i spiritual\u0103, sau pentru a oferi asta unei alte persoane. De\u0219i Reiki este destul de popular pe la noi ca terapie complementar\u0103, eficien\u021ba sa a r\u0103mas un subiect controversat datorit\u0103 valid\u0103rii \u0219tiin\u021bifice limitate \u0219i a subiectivit\u0103\u021bii celor care \u00ee\u0219i povestesc experien\u021bele.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reiki este descris \u00een general ca o practic\u0103 neinvaziv\u0103 care restabile\u0219te echilibrul \u0219i stimuleaz\u0103 procesele naturale de vindecare ale corpului, repune corpul \u00een starea lui de func\u021bionare perfect\u0103. Practican\u021bii sus\u021bin c\u0103 poate reduce stresul, alina durerea \u0219i \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bi starea emo\u021bional\u0103, dar dovezile \u0219tiin\u021bifice referitoare la eficien\u021ba Reiki sunt pu\u021bine, studiile fiind limitate de probleme metodologice, de e\u0219antioanele mici sau de rezultatele b\u0103nuite a fi subiective. Am \u00eencercat de mai multe ori s\u0103 propun o astfel de cercetare, dar to\u021bi cei care aveau aparatura \u0219i cuno\u0219teau metodologia au spus nu din prima sau s-au retras pe parcurs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Din mai multe surse descoperite pe net referitoare la teste \u0219i c\u0103tre care dau la sf\u00e2r\u0219it link-urile necesare, se pot trage urm\u0103toarele concluzii:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. \u00cen durerea cronic\u0103 \u0219i bolile cronice, unele studii au sugerat apari\u021bia unor beneficii modeste. Un studiu asupra pacien\u021bilor cu boli cronice a constatat c\u0103 \u201eReiki a redus semnificativ durerea \u0219i a \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bit anumite variabile afective \u0219i de personalitate\u201c (Effects of Reiki on pain and selected affective and personality variables of chronically ill patients). Participan\u021bii au raportat o sc\u0103dere a intensit\u0103\u021bii durerii \u0219i o \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bire a dispozi\u021biei, de\u0219i studiul a notat c\u0103, \u00een unele cazuri, aceste efecte nu au fost semnificativ diferite de placebo. O alt\u0103 surs\u0103 subliniaz\u0103 c\u0103 \u201eun studiu realizat pe pacien\u021bii care au avut atacuri de cord \u0219i care au primit Reiki a indicat o cre\u0219tere a capacit\u0103\u021bii de func\u021bionare a inimii \u0219i semne de vindecare\u201c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Pentru pacien\u021bii cu cancer, Reiki a fost utilizat pentru a gestiona durerea, anxietatea \u0219i oboseala \u00een timpul tratamentelor conven\u021bionale, cum ar fi chimioterapia. Un studiu mic cu 42 de pacien\u021bi cu cancer care au primit \u0219edin\u021be s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2nale de Reiki timp de \u0219ase s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni a constatat c\u0103 \u201eaceast\u0103 metod\u0103 complementar\u0103 poate fi de ajutor pacien\u021bilor diagnostica\u021bi cu cancer\u201c. Participan\u021bii au raportat o reducere a anxiet\u0103\u021bii \u0219i o relaxare \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bit\u0103, atribuite mediului calmant \u0219i atingerii bl\u00e2nde. Totu\u0219i, studiul a subliniat c\u0103 aceste beneficii provin probabil din interac\u021biunea terapeutic\u0103, mai degrab\u0103 dec\u00e2t dintr-un transfer unic de energie, deoarece \u201eatingerea bl\u00e2nd\u0103 \u00eentr-un cadru calm poate fi relaxant\u0103\u201c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Impactul Reiki asupra dispozi\u021biei \u0219i s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii emo\u021bionale a fost studiat mai ales pentru anxietate \u0219i depresie. Un studiu controlat randomizat a constatat c\u0103 \u201eReiki a fost eficient \u00een \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea st\u0103rii de spirit \u0219i a bun\u0103st\u0103rii\u201c la participan\u021bii cu depresie u\u0219oar\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 la moderat\u0103 (A randomised controlled single-blind trial of the efficacy of Reiki in benefitting mood and well-being). Participan\u021bii au raportat c\u0103 se simt mai relaxa\u021bi \u0219i mai optimi\u0219ti dup\u0103 tratament, de\u0219i \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birile nu au fost sus\u021binute pe termen lung f\u0103r\u0103 \u0219edin\u021be continue.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. Un studiu axat pe adul\u021bi de peste 50 de ani cu HIV\/SIDA a constatat c\u0103, \u00een urma practicii Reiki, participan\u021bii au raportat \u201eun sentiment de pace interioar\u0103 \u0219i mecanisme de coping \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bite\u201c (Qualitative Assessment of the Impact of Implementing Reiki Training). De\u0219i rezultatele calitative eviden\u021biaz\u0103 poten\u021bialul Reiki ca practic\u0103 de sus\u021binere, studiul este lipsit de m\u0103suri cantitative pentru a confirma schimb\u0103rile fiziologice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O problem\u0103 \u00een cercetarea Reiki este dificultatea de a izola efectele sale de cele placebo. Aceasta se aliniaz\u0103 cu criticile mai ample, cum ar fi analiza lui Edzard Ernst din 2008, care a ajuns la concluzia c\u0103 \u201estudiile \u00een privin\u021ba eficacit\u0103\u021bii terapiei Reiki sunt numeroase, dar pu\u021bine respect\u0103 metodologia \u0219tiin\u021bific\u0103\u201c. Efectul placebo este relevant, deoarece a\u0219tept\u0103rile pacien\u021bilor \u0219i mediul terapeutic influen\u021beaz\u0103 semnificativ rezultatele.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reiki poate oferi alinare temporar\u0103 a durerii \u0219i suport emo\u021bional, dar nu exist\u0103 dovezi pentru vindecarea afec\u021biunilor subiacente, a\u0219a c\u0103 se poate spune pe scurt c\u0103 ofer\u0103 relaxare \u0219i reducerea anxiet\u0103\u021bii, \u00een special \u00een timpul tratamentelor intensive, dar beneficiile sunt probabil datorate interac\u021biunii calmante, nu transferului de energie. Sunt raportate \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021biri pe termen scurt ale dispozi\u021biei, dar beneficiile sus\u021binute necesit\u0103 \u0219edin\u021be continue. Reiki promoveaz\u0103 rezilien\u021ba emo\u021bional\u0103, de\u0219i beneficiile fiziologice nu sunt verificate. (Nu c\u0103 nu ar exista, deocamdat\u0103 putem spune c\u0103 nu sunt verificate.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cel mai puternic argument pro-Reiki const\u0103 \u00een rolul s\u0103u de terapie complementar\u0103, \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bind relaxarea \u0219i confortul pacientului. Beneficiile spot fi legate \u0219i de faptul c\u0103 \u201eun terapeut petrece timp cu persoana respectiv\u0103\u201c, ceea ce poate fi un factor cheie \u00een beneficiile observate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Se poate trage concluzia c\u0103 Reiki ofer\u0103 o abordare bl\u00e2nd\u0103, cu risc sc\u0103zut, pentru promovarea relax\u0103rii \u0219i bun\u0103st\u0103rii emo\u021bionale, \u00een special pentru pacien\u021bii cu boli cronice, cancer sau cu st\u0103ri anxioase. Studiile de p\u00e2n\u0103 acum sugereaz\u0103 beneficii modeste \u00een alinarea durerii, reducerea anxiet\u0103\u021bii \u0219i \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea dispozi\u021biei, iar lipsa dovezilor \u0219tiin\u021bifice riguroase \u0219i a protocoalelor standardizate limiteaz\u0103 credibilitatea Reiki ca terapie independent\u0103. De asta sunt necesare studii mai serioase pentru a clarifica adev\u0103ratul poten\u021bial terapeutic al Reiki.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A\u0219a c\u0103 mai \u00eencerc o dat\u0103 \u0219i propun un astfel de studiu. Din ce \u0219tiu eu, o terapie Reiki poate fi eficient\u0103 dup\u0103 12 sesiuni de lucru \u0219i cred c\u0103 pot fi eviden\u021biate efectele asupra unor parametri m\u0103surabili. Propun s\u0103 s\u0103 alegem indicatori biologici, psihologici sau fiziologici care pot varia semnificativ \u00eentr-un interval de 12 zile (dou\u0103 s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni) \u0219i care sunt relevan\u021bi pentru afirma\u021biile legate de beneficiile Reiki. Alegerea parametrilor trebuie s\u0103 fie obiectiv\u0103, reproductibil\u0103 \u0219i sensibil\u0103 la schimb\u0103rile pe termen scurt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Criteriile pentru alegerea parametrilor ar putea fi:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Sensibilitate la schimb\u0103ri pe termen scurt: parametrii trebuie s\u0103 fie suficient de dinamici pentru a reflecta modific\u0103ri \u00een 12 zile;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Relevan\u021b\u0103 pentru Reiki: parametrii ar trebui s\u0103 se alinieze cu beneficiile raportate ale Reiki, cum ar fi reducerea durerii, anxiet\u0103\u021bii, inflama\u021biei sau \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea st\u0103rii generale;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Obiectivitate: analizele trebuie s\u0103 fie cuantificabile prin metode standardizate (teste de laborator, scale validate, m\u0103sur\u0103tori fiziologice);<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. Fezabilitate: testele trebuie s\u0103 fie accesibile, sigure \u0219i aplicabile \u00eentr-un studiu clinic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Parametri m\u0103surabili \u00een condi\u021biile celor spuse mai \u00eenainte ar fi:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Markeri ai stresului \u0219i ai r\u0103spunsului neuroendocrin<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 Cortizol salivar sau seric: nivelurile de cortizol, un hormon al stresului, pot sc\u0103dea \u00een condi\u021bii de relaxare. M\u0103surarea cortizolului salivar diminea\u021ba \u0219i seara poate detecta modific\u0103ri ale ritmului circadian ca r\u0103spuns la terapia Reiki. \u00cencerc\u0103m s\u0103 dovedim c\u0103 reducerea stresului prin terapii complementare poate sc\u0103dea nivelurile de cortizol.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 Hormonul adrenocorticotrop (ACTH): regleaz\u0103 produc\u021bia de cortizol \u0219i poate reflecta modific\u0103ri ale axului hipotalamo-hipofizo-adrenal (HPA).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 Frecven\u021ba cardiac\u0103 variabil\u0103 (HRV): m\u0103soar\u0103 echilibrul dintre sistemele nervos simpatic \u0219i parasimpatic. O cre\u0219tere a HRV indic\u0103 o stare de relaxare \u0219i poate fi monitorizat\u0103 zilnic cu dispozitive portabile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Markeri ai inflama\u021biei<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reiki este uneori promovat ca reduc\u00e2nd inflama\u021bia sistemic\u0103, ceea ce poate fi relevant pentru pacien\u021bii cu dureri cronice sau boli inflamatorii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 Proteina C-reactiv\u0103 (CRP): un marker al inflama\u021biei acute, sensibil la schimb\u0103ri \u00een c\u00e2teva zile, mai ales \u00een condi\u021bii precum artrita sau stresul cronic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Markeri ai durerii \u0219i func\u021biei imune<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pentru pacien\u021bii cu durere cronic\u0103 (ex. fibromialgie, artrit\u0103), urm\u0103torii parametri pot fi relevan\u021bi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 Beta-endorfine: hormoni asocia\u021bi cu reducerea durerii \u0219i starea de bine. Nivelurile pot cre\u0219te \u00een r\u0103spuns la terapii de relaxare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 Markeri ai func\u021biei imune (ex. limfocite T, NK): Reiki ar putea influen\u021ba r\u0103spunsul imun, mai ales la pacien\u021bii cu boli cronice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. Parametri fiziologici<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 Tensiunea arterial\u0103 \u0219i frecven\u021ba cardiac\u0103: reducerea stresului poate sc\u0103dea tensiunea arterial\u0103 \u0219i frecven\u021ba cardiac\u0103, m\u0103surabile zilnic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 Satura\u021bia de oxigen (SpO2): poate reflecta \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021biri ale respira\u021biei \u0219i relax\u0103rii, mai ales la pacien\u021bii cu afec\u021biuni respiratorii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Adic\u0103 o monitorizare zilnic\u0103 cu tensiometru \u0219i pulsoximetru.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. Markeri psihologici \u0219i subiectivi (cu scale validate)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De\u0219i Reiki are efecte subiective, scalele validate pot cuantifica schimb\u0103rile:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 Scara de anxietate \u0219i depresie (HADS): m\u0103soar\u0103 anxietatea \u0219i depresia, sensibile la schimb\u0103ri \u00een 1-2 s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 Scara de durere vizual\u0103 analog\u0103 (VAS): evalueaz\u0103 intensitatea durerii, raportat\u0103 zilnic de pacien\u021bi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 Chestionarul de calitate a vie\u021bii (SF-36): m\u0103soar\u0103 bun\u0103starea general\u0103 \u0219i poate detecta schimb\u0103ri \u00een dou\u0103 s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Designul Cercet\u0103rii<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pentru a eviden\u021bia efectele Reiki, studiul ar trebui s\u0103 fie randomizat, controlat, dublu-orb, cu un grup de control care prime\u0219te o interven\u021bie placebo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Durata: 12 zile, cu \u0219edin\u021be de Reiki zilnice (60 minute per \u0219edin\u021b\u0103).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Participan\u021bi: pacien\u021bi cu afec\u021biuni cronice (ex. durere cronic\u0103, cancer, anxietate), pentru a alinia parametrii cu beneficiile raportate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u0103sur\u0103tori:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zilnic: HRV, tensiune arterial\u0103, VAS pentru durere, jurnal al st\u0103rii emo\u021bionale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cenceput \u0219i sf\u00e2r\u0219it: Cortizol salivar, CRP, IL-6, beta-endorfine, HADS, SF-36.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Analiza datelor: Compararea modific\u0103rilor \u00eentre grupul Reiki \u0219i grupul placebo, utiliz\u00e2nd teste statistice (ex. t-test, ANOVA).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

12 zile pot p\u0103rea insuficiente pentru schimb\u0103ri semnificative \u00een markeri precum func\u021bia imun\u0103, dar sunt adecvate pentru cortizol, HRV \u0219i scale psihologice, iar doamna Takata recomanda serii de 12 sesiuni zilnice pentru a avea rezultate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Adic\u0103 ar fi bine s\u0103 adun\u0103m un grup de practican\u021bi care s\u0103 lucreze \u00een mod identic, plus un grup de non-practican\u021bi care s\u0103 lucreze \u0219i ei \u00een acela\u0219i mod, pe dou\u0103 grupuri de clien\u021bi care nici ei s\u0103 nu \u0219tie dac\u0103 primesc Reiki de la un practicant sau de la altcineva. Iar activitatea asta extins\u0103 pe durata a 12 zile s\u0103 aib\u0103 loc \u00een acela\u0219i spa\u021biu, la aceea\u0219i or\u0103, iar cei pe care lucreaz\u0103 s\u0103 nu-\u0219i schimbe cu nimic obiceiurile alimentare, totul f\u0103cut sub supravegherea \u0219i controlul unor oameni preg\u0103ti\u021bi s\u0103 interpreteze rezultatele analizelor de mai sus, sau ale altora care corespund principiilor amintite.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Se pot face tot felul de astfel de studii, unele legate de acordaje \u0219i Reiju, altele de folosire a Reiki pe numeroase alte cazuri. Doar s\u0103 \u00eencepem de undeva!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vlad T. Popescu<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Bibliografie<\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/www.academia.edu\/136880545\/Effects_of_Reiki_on_pain_and_selected_affective_and_personality_variables_of_chronically_ill_patients<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/www.academia.edu\/126796239\/Reiki_Initiations_and_the_Role_of_Expectations_key_points<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/www.academia.edu\/76753919\/Effects_of_Reiki_Session_Excluding_the_Variables_Responsible_for_the_Placebo_Effect_on_a_Group_of_Adults<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/www.academia.edu\/67961644\/Medicines_Healing_and_Spiritualities_A_Cross_Cultural_Exploration<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/www.academia.edu\/136880563\/Use_of_Reiki_as_a_biofield_therapy_An_adjunct_to_conventional_medical_care<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/www.academia.edu\/69445293\/Methodological_issues_in_Reiki_Reporting_Part_2<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/www.academia.edu\/81976258\/A_Systematic_Review_of_the_Therapeutic_Effects_of_Reiki<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/www.academia.edu\/54953430\/Qualitative_Assessment_of_the_Impact_of_Implementing_Reiki_Training_in_a_Supported_Residence_for_People_Older_Than_50_Years_with_HIV_AIDS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/www.academia.edu\/4636622\/A_randomised_controlled_single_blind_trial_of_the_efficacy_of_Reiki_in_benefitting_mood_and_well_being<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

McEwen, B. S. (2007). Physiology and neurobiology of stress and adaptation: Central role of the brain. Physiological Reviews, 87(3), 873\u2013904.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thayer, J. F., Yamamoto, S. S., & Brosschot, J. F. (2010). The relationship of autonomic imbalance, heart rate variability and cardiovascular disease risk factors. International Journal of Cardiology, 141(2), 122\u2013131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Black, D. S., et al. (2015). Yogic meditation reverses NF-\u03baB and IRF-related transcriptome dynamics in leukocytes of family dementia caregivers in a randomized controlled trial. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 52, 165\u2013174.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kiecolt-Glaser, J. K., et al. (2010). Stress, inflammation, and yoga practice. Psychosomatic Medicine, 72(2), 113\u2013121.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Reiki, tehnica japonez\u0103 de vindecare dezvoltat\u0103 de Mikao Usui la \u00eenceputul secolului XX, implic\u0103 transferul de \u201eenergie universal\u0103\u201c prin m\u00e2inile practicantului pentru a-\u0219i sus\u021bine bun\u0103starea […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2269,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[15],"class_list":["post-2906","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-spiritual","tag-reiki","has_thumb"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/sfat.info.ro\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/1698_tvp-scaled-e1676784080536.jpg","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p9kw6W-KS","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sfat.info.ro\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2906","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sfat.info.ro\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sfat.info.ro\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sfat.info.ro\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sfat.info.ro\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2906"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/sfat.info.ro\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2906\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2909,"href":"https:\/\/sfat.info.ro\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2906\/revisions\/2909"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sfat.info.ro\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2269"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sfat.info.ro\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2906"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sfat.info.ro\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2906"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sfat.info.ro\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2906"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}